Syntax of SQLQuery

  • DESC(descending order:Highest to Lowest),ASC(ascending order:Lowest to Highest)
  • between - used to match the date datatype
  • % - match string(example:”Ca%”,”%Ca%”,”%Ca”)
  • like - match string, use with %
  • is null/is not null - match data is null or not
  • Distinct - match unique data column
  • Datediff - match difference of datetime datatype
  • join - join different tables together with condition
  • <> - means two data is different
  • SUM/MAX/COUNT/MIN - aggregate func for summarizing data
  • left join - return all records from left table and matching records from the right one(Outer Join)
  • right join - returns all records from right table and matching records from the left one(Outer Join)
  • full join - return unmatched rows from both tables
  • cross join - used to combine every row from one table with every row from another table
  • group - GROUP BY is used to aggregate rows that have the same values in specified columns into summary rows
  • Having - HAVING is used to filter grouped records. Its similar to WHERE but works on groups (aggregated data) rather than individual rows
  • Use Having to filter Group data
  • Where filter rows before group,Having is after group
  • SubQuery - a query nested within another query,used to achieve various functions, such as filtering, calculating, or joining data
  1. use in where clause(Where column in (subquery))//return rows match the condition
  2. use in from clause(From (SubQuery)) // treated like a temporary table
  3. use in select clause(Select (SubQuery)) // used to return a single value from another query within the column list
  4. Correlated SubQuery (Where * > (SubQuery)) // refers to columns in the outer query and is evaluated for each row of the outer query
  5. use in having clause (HAVING * > (SubQuery)) // used to filter groups based on a calculated condition
  • GetData() - return datetime of now
  • update /db.name/ set column = value, where(condition)
  • delete tablename where condition
  • insert inot tablename (columnname,..) values(columnValue)
  • Top(N) // return N rows from query result by order
  • offset //skips a specified number of rows before beginning to return rows from the result set.
  • fetch // limits the number of rows returned after the OFFSET.
  • (OFFSET 10 ROWS FETCH NEXT 10 ROWS ONLY) // Skip first 10 rows,retrieves the next 10 rows after the skipped rows
  • NOT,AND,OR // Order of precedence for compound conditions
  • IN // With a condition of range

slides

SQL DML statements

  • Select
  • insert
  • update
  • delete

SQL DDL statements

  • create Database
  • create table
  • create index
  • alter table
  • alter index
  • drop Database
  • drop table
  • drop index